1. What is JDBC?

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is a Java API used to connect Java applications with databases and execute SQL queries.

It allows Java to:

• Connect to a database
• Execute SQL
• Read results
• Insert/update/delete data
• Manage transactions

2. JDBC Architecture

Basic flow:

Java Application
      ↓
JDBC API
      ↓
JDBC Driver
      ↓
Database

Your Java code uses JDBC interfaces/classes, and the JDBC Driver handles communication with the specific database.

3. JDBC Driver

A JDBC Driver is software that allows Java/JDBC to communicate with a particular database.

Examples:

• MySQL JDBC Driver
• PostgreSQL JDBC Driver
• Oracle JDBC Driver